Background of the Study
Infectious disease outbreaks, such as COVID-19, Ebola, and Lassa fever, pose significant challenges to global healthcare systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria. Nurses, as frontline healthcare providers, play an essential role in managing such outbreaks through patient care, infection prevention, and health education (World Health Organization [WHO], 2023).
Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, is often at the forefront of infectious disease management in the region. However, nurses face numerous challenges during outbreaks, including inadequate resources, limited personal protective equipment (PPE), high patient-to-nurse ratios, and psychological stress. These challenges hinder their ability to provide optimal care and protect themselves from infection (Aliyu et al., 2024).
This study investigates the challenges nurses face during infectious disease outbreaks at the facility, offering insights to improve preparedness and response strategies.
Statement of the Problem
Nurses at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, encounter significant obstacles in managing infectious disease outbreaks. Inadequate training, resource constraints, and the emotional toll of dealing with high mortality rates often lead to burnout, reduced efficiency, and compromised patient care.
While the contributions of nurses during outbreaks are widely acknowledged, there is a lack of focused research on the specific challenges they face in the Nigerian context. Addressing these challenges is critical for strengthening outbreak response systems and safeguarding healthcare workers.
Objectives of the Study
1. To identify the challenges faced by nurses during infectious disease outbreaks at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina.
2. To evaluate the impact of these challenges on the quality of care and nurses’ well-being.
3. To recommend strategies for addressing these challenges to enhance outbreak preparedness and response.
Research Questions
1. What challenges do nurses face during infectious disease outbreaks at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina?
2. How do these challenges affect the quality of care and nurses’ well-being?
3. What strategies can be implemented to address these challenges effectively?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses face significant resource-related challenges during infectious disease outbreaks.
2. These challenges negatively impact the quality of care and nurses’ mental and physical health.
3. Implementing targeted interventions can significantly mitigate the challenges faced by nurses during outbreaks.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on nurses at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, who provide care during infectious disease outbreaks. It excludes other healthcare professionals and outbreaks managed in other facilities. Limitations include potential response bias and reliance on retrospective data.
Definitions of Terms
• Infectious Disease Outbreaks: Occurrences of diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms that spread rapidly among populations.
• Challenges: Barriers that hinder nurses' ability to perform their roles effectively during outbreaks.
• Nurses’ Well-Being: The physical, emotional, and psychological health of nurses during and after infectious disease outbreaks.
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