Background of the Study
Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases globally and remains a significant public health concern in Nigeria. Effective management relies heavily on medication adherence, yet non-adherence is a common issue, contributing to poor blood pressure control and increased risk of complications (WHO, 2024). Nurses’ counseling plays a critical role in addressing non-adherence by providing patients with education, motivation, and personalized support.
At Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, hypertension is one of the most prevalent conditions managed in outpatient clinics. However, medication non-adherence among patients is frequently observed, leading to suboptimal outcomes (Audu et al., 2023). By investigating the role of nurses’ counseling, this study aims to provide insights into strategies that can improve adherence and, consequently, patient outcomes.
Statement of the Problem
Non-adherence to antihypertensive medication is a significant barrier to achieving optimal blood pressure control among hypertensive patients in Nigeria. Factors such as lack of awareness, fear of side effects, and socio-economic challenges contribute to this issue. Despite the availability of nurses’ counseling services at Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, their impact on medication adherence has not been adequately evaluated.
Understanding the effectiveness of these counseling services is essential for designing interventions to improve adherence and reduce the burden of hypertension-related complications.
Objectives of the Study
1. To evaluate the impact of nurses’ counseling on medication adherence among hypertensive patients at Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe.
2. To assess patients’ knowledge and perceptions of antihypertensive medications after receiving counseling.
3. To identify barriers to medication adherence among hypertensive patients.
Research Questions
1. What is the impact of nurses’ counseling on medication adherence among hypertensive patients?
2. How does counseling affect patients’ knowledge and perceptions of antihypertensive medications?
3. What barriers hinder medication adherence among hypertensive patients?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses’ counseling significantly improves medication adherence among hypertensive patients.
2. Counseling positively influences patients’ knowledge and perceptions of antihypertensive medications.
3. Identified barriers negatively impact medication adherence among hypertensive patients.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on hypertensive patients at Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, who receive nurses’ counseling. It excludes patients who do not attend counseling sessions or receive counseling from other healthcare providers. Limitations include potential recall bias and the exclusion of non-counseled patients, which may limit the generalizability of findings.
Definitions of Terms
• Medication Adherence: The extent to which patients take their medications as prescribed by healthcare providers.
• Nurses’ Counseling: A supportive interaction between nurses and patients aimed at improving health outcomes through education and motivation.
• Hypertension: A chronic medical condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure.
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