CHILD HAWKING AND ITS IMPLICATIONS TO THE PEACE AND SECURITY IN NIGERIA
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- NGN 3000
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
It is generally regarded as a social pathology and a threat to nation security and development, and it calls for a social solution that involves the rehabilitation and re-integration of such kids into their families and homes for the needy. Teenage street hawking is a serious nuisance to society; it is generally viewed as a social pathology. The capacity of Nigeria to promote its own interests and goals in order to manage instability, reduce crime, eradicate corruption, and increase the welfare and quality of life of every person is what we mean when we talk about national security (Jude, 2021). The maintenance of law and order is one of the most important aspects of national security. There is another definition of national security, which is that it is "the aggregate of the security interests of all individuals, communities, ethnic groups, political organizations, and institutions which occupy the territory of Nigeria" (Ali, 2022).
Researchers are becoming more interested in the practice of street hawking or vending in developing countries (Olutunde, 2018). This is likely owing to the myriad of health, social, and economic repercussions that the trade may have on its participants (Amoo,et al., 2021; Esin et' al., 2019). The exponential population increase that developing countries are experiencing is leading to a migration from the countryside to the cities in the hunt for better employment opportunities (Hoyamo and Keenan, 2019). This eats into the few resources that are available in these countries. Families that are unable to pay the exorbitant cost of housing rent are often compelled to live in urban slums, where they are subjected to a multitude of health and environmental concerns, as well as high rates of unemployment and inadequate educational opportunities (Ekpenyong et al., 2020). Women, men, and children of all ages are participating in activities related to street hawking because of the pressure they feel to consistently provide for their families despite the unfavorable conditions they face (Ekpenyong et al., 2020). It does not matter in terms of age or gender who is selling goods on the street; this occupation is fraught with serious risks (Lee, 2004; Lu, 2011). This includes sexual assault, which increases the hawkers' vulnerability to illnesses such as HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections; an increased chance of undesired pregnancies and unsafe abortions; and an increase in the danger of other sexually transmitted diseases (Lu, 2019; Kwankye et al., 2020). Other dangers include the possibility of being physically attacked, becoming the victim of a mob, being involved in a car accident, being kidnapped, or being killed for ritualistic reasons, particularly in light of the fact that the safety of individuals in the nation is not guaranteed. The practice of street vending exposes individuals to a greater risk of engaging in antisocial behaviors such as smoking, abusing drugs and alcohol, joining cults, and committing crimes, all of which have a detrimental effect on the growth and development of society. Hawkers are susceptible to adverse weather conditions, bites from insects and reptiles, and even starvation (Ugochukwu et al., 2018; Hoyamo and Keenan, 2019; Ekpenyong et al., 2020). [Citations needed] In addition, kids are robbed of the opportunity to receive an education and their health is not prioritized; all of these factors constitute child abuse (Nkereuwuem et al., 2020). According to Kwankye et al. (2018), individuals who buy the things provided by street vendors end up cluttering the surrounding area. This causes the ecosystem to be degraded. This contributes to environmental pollution when the available drainages are blocked, which leads to flooding and increased breeding of vectors, particularly during the rainy season. As a result, the health of the local residents is put at risk because of the increased prevalence of communicable diseases. In order to enhance their chances of making a sale, street vendors often rush after passing automobiles while carrying their wares on their heads or in their hands. As a result, there is a greater likelihood that the vendors may experience some kind of bodily injury as a result of this. This makes the flow of traffic more difficult to manage since so many vehicles are congested on these important routes and intersections (Ali., 2018). The high rates of unemployment, poverty, inflation, low school performance, unstable households, peer group influence, big family size, and inadequate parental care have all been linked to the prevalence of street hawking in Nigeria, which has been attributed to these factors (Emmanuel, 2021).
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