An Examination of Nurses' Knowledge and Attitude Towards COVID-19 Vaccination in Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta
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Background of the Study
The COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the most significant global health crises in modern history, leading to millions of infections and deaths worldwide. Vaccination has been widely recognized as the most effective strategy for controlling the spread of the virus and reducing morbidity and mortality (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). As frontline healthcare providers, nurses play a critical role in promoting vaccine acceptance and administering COVID-19 vaccines. Their knowledge and attitude toward vaccination significantly influence public trust and vaccine uptake among patients (Smith et al., 2024).
Despite the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, vaccine hesitancy remains a challenge in many healthcare settings. Several studies have identified misinformation, concerns about vaccine safety, and personal beliefs as factors influencing nurses' attitudes toward vaccination (Brown & Taylor, 2023). Some nurses remain skeptical about the long-term effects of COVID-19 vaccines, which may impact their willingness to advocate for vaccination (Williams et al., 2023).
At Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, nurses were at the forefront of COVID-19 management, playing key roles in patient care and public health awareness. However, their level of knowledge about COVID-19 vaccination and their attitude towards its uptake remain unclear. Understanding these factors is essential for developing targeted interventions to enhance vaccine acceptance among healthcare professionals and the general public.
Statement of the Problem
The success of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns depends not only on vaccine availability but also on the willingness of healthcare workers to promote and receive the vaccine. Research indicates that healthcare professionals, including nurses, exhibit varying levels of acceptance and hesitancy toward COVID-19 vaccination (Johnson et al., 2024). In some cases, misinformation and inadequate knowledge about vaccine efficacy contribute to skepticism (Taylor et al., 2023).
At Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, the extent of nurses’ knowledge and their attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination have not been systematically evaluated. There is a need to assess whether nurses possess accurate information about the vaccine and whether their perceptions influence patient vaccination rates. This study seeks to address these gaps and provide insights into how nurses’ knowledge and attitudes impact public health outcomes.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess nurses' level of knowledge about COVID-19 vaccination at Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta.
- To examine nurses' attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination and its uptake.
- To identify factors influencing nurses' acceptance or hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines.
Research Questions
- What is the level of nurses' knowledge about COVID-19 vaccination at Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta?
- What are the attitudes of nurses toward COVID-19 vaccination?
- What factors influence nurses’ acceptance or hesitancy toward COVID-19 vaccination?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses at Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, have a high level of knowledge about COVID-19 vaccination.
- Nurses’ attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination significantly impact their willingness to promote it.
- Factors such as misinformation, personal beliefs, and safety concerns influence nurses' vaccine acceptance.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on nurses working at Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta. It does not extend to other healthcare professionals or non-clinical hospital staff. Limitations may include potential biases in self-reported attitudes and variations in individual vaccine experiences.
Definitions of Terms
- COVID-19 vaccination: The administration of vaccines designed to provide immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
- Vaccine hesitancy: Reluctance or refusal to receive vaccines despite availability.
- Healthcare professionals: Medical personnel, including nurses, responsible for patient care and public health promotion.
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