The Effect of Case-Based Learning on Students' Problem-Solving Abilities in Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe
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Background of the Study
Case-Based Learning (CBL) is an instructional method that uses real-life or simulated clinical scenarios to facilitate active learning, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills in students. In nursing education, CBL has gained significant attention as it bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and clinical application (Ali et al., 2023). Unlike traditional lecture-based teaching, which often promotes passive learning, CBL actively engages students by requiring them to analyze cases, identify problems, and apply knowledge to find appropriate solutions. This interactive approach fosters deeper understanding, clinical reasoning, and decision-making abilities, which are crucial for effective nursing practice (Nguyen & Brown, 2024).
Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, is a major healthcare institution in Nigeria that provides clinical training opportunities for nursing students. As nursing education continues to evolve, the incorporation of CBL into the curriculum has been seen as a means of improving students’ problem-solving abilities. However, the extent to which CBL influences nursing students’ problem-solving skills in this setting has not been extensively studied. With the increasing complexity of healthcare, it is imperative for nursing students to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills to manage diverse patient conditions effectively (Adebayo & Olatunji, 2024).
Existing studies indicate that CBL enhances learning outcomes by improving students’ ability to think analytically and make informed decisions in clinical settings (Chen et al., 2023). However, some challenges associated with CBL include inadequate faculty training, time constraints, and limited access to diverse case scenarios. Additionally, students' engagement in CBL may vary depending on their learning styles, motivation, and prior knowledge (Hassan & Okafor, 2024). Given these concerns, this study seeks to examine the effectiveness of CBL in enhancing problem-solving abilities among nursing students at Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the growing emphasis on active learning strategies in nursing education, many institutions still rely on traditional lecture-based methods, which may not adequately prepare students for real-world clinical challenges. The effectiveness of CBL in improving nursing students' problem-solving abilities remains underexplored in many Nigerian teaching hospitals, including Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe. While some studies suggest that CBL enhances critical thinking and decision-making, there is limited empirical evidence on how it specifically influences problem-solving skills in nursing students within this institution.
Furthermore, nursing education demands a high level of practical application, yet some students struggle to transition from theoretical knowledge to clinical problem-solving due to a lack of structured exposure to real-world scenarios (Usman & Bello, 2023). There is also concern regarding whether faculty members have adequate training and resources to effectively implement CBL. Thus, this study aims to address these gaps by evaluating the impact of CBL on students' problem-solving abilities and identifying the factors that may influence its effectiveness.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the impact of Case-Based Learning on nursing students’ problem-solving abilities at Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe.
- To identify challenges faced by students and faculty in implementing Case-Based Learning.
- To evaluate students' perceptions of Case-Based Learning as a teaching strategy.
Research Questions
- How does Case-Based Learning affect the problem-solving abilities of nursing students at Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe?
- What challenges do students and faculty face in implementing Case-Based Learning?
- What are the perceptions of nursing students regarding the effectiveness of Case-Based Learning in developing problem-solving skills?
Research Hypotheses
- Case-Based Learning significantly improves the problem-solving abilities of nursing students at Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe.
- Challenges in implementing Case-Based Learning negatively affect students’ learning experiences.
- Nursing students who engage in Case-Based Learning demonstrate higher problem-solving skills compared to those taught through traditional methods.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will focus on nursing students at Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, who are actively engaged in Case-Based Learning as part of their curriculum. The research will be limited to students in the clinical phase of their training. Potential limitations include the possibility of response bias in students’ feedback and variations in the implementation of CBL across different instructors. Additionally, external factors such as students’ prior knowledge and individual learning preferences may influence the outcomes.
Definitions of Terms
- Case-Based Learning (CBL): A teaching method that involves using clinical cases to stimulate discussion, problem-solving, and application of knowledge.
- Problem-Solving Ability: The capacity of nursing students to analyze situations, identify problems, and determine appropriate solutions.
- Clinical Reasoning: The cognitive process used by nurses to assess, diagnose, and treat patients effectively.
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