The impact of internally displaced persons' (IDPs) resettlement policies on their human rights in Gwoza, Borno State.
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Background of the Study:
The ongoing insurgency in northeastern Nigeria, particularly in Borno State, has resulted in one of the largest populations of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Africa. Thousands of people in areas like Gwoza have been forced to flee their homes due to violent attacks by insurgent groups, such as Boko Haram, leading to widespread displacement. Resettlement policies, which are aimed at reintegrating IDPs back into their original communities or providing them with alternative safe spaces, have been put in place by both governmental and non-governmental organizations. However, the effectiveness of these policies in ensuring the protection of the human rights of displaced persons remains a contentious issue (Usman & Ibrahim, 2024).
In Gwoza, the resettlement of IDPs involves complex challenges, such as the availability of adequate shelter, access to education, healthcare, and employment, and the restoration of security in conflict-affected regions (Nwachukwu, 2023). While the government and humanitarian organizations have made efforts to address the needs of IDPs, the implementation of resettlement policies has often been slow and fraught with difficulties. There is also concern over the lack of consultation with IDPs themselves in policy formulation, which raises questions about whether these resettlement efforts genuinely reflect the needs and rights of the displaced populations (Elama, 2024). The study will assess how resettlement policies have impacted the human rights of IDPs in Gwoza, particularly in relation to their access to basic services, legal protection, and overall wellbeing.
Statement of the Problem:
Despite the significant number of IDPs in Gwoza and the efforts of various stakeholders to resettle them, there are ongoing concerns about the adequacy of these resettlement policies in safeguarding their human rights. Many IDPs in the region continue to face issues such as lack of proper housing, limited access to education and healthcare, and insufficient security. Furthermore, some resettlement initiatives have been criticized for being poorly coordinated, underfunded, and, in some cases, inadequate to meet the pressing needs of displaced populations. The effectiveness of resettlement policies in Gwoza in ensuring the fundamental rights of IDPs has not been comprehensively examined, which necessitates an investigation into the impact of these policies on their overall wellbeing and rights.
Objectives of the Study:
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To examine the impact of resettlement policies on the human rights of IDPs in Gwoza, Borno State.
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To assess the challenges faced by IDPs in the resettlement process, particularly regarding access to basic services.
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To evaluate the role of government and humanitarian organizations in ensuring the human rights of IDPs during resettlement.
Research Questions:
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How have resettlement policies in Gwoza impacted the human rights of IDPs?
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What are the key challenges faced by IDPs in the resettlement process in Gwoza?
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To what extent have government and humanitarian organizations contributed to the protection of IDPs' human rights during resettlement in Gwoza?
Research Hypotheses:
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Resettlement policies in Gwoza have had a significant positive impact on the human rights of IDPs in terms of access to basic services and security.
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IDPs in Gwoza face significant challenges in the resettlement process, particularly in terms of housing, education, and healthcare access.
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Government and humanitarian organizations have had a limited impact on the protection of human rights for IDPs during resettlement in Gwoza.
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
The study will focus on IDPs in Gwoza, Borno State, specifically assessing the impact of resettlement policies on their human rights. The research will include interviews and surveys with IDPs, local government officials, and representatives from humanitarian organizations. The limitations of the study include potential difficulties in accessing some displaced populations due to security concerns, as well as the possible reluctance of IDPs to share their experiences due to fear of stigmatization or reprisals. Additionally, the study will be confined to Gwoza and will not cover other areas in Borno State or neighboring regions affected by displacement.
Definitions of Terms:
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Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs): Individuals or groups who are forced to flee their homes due to conflict, violence, or other factors but remain within the borders of their own country.
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Resettlement Policies: Policies and strategies designed to facilitate the return, integration, or relocation of displaced persons to new or former homes.
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Human Rights: Fundamental rights and freedoms to which all individuals are entitled, including the right to security, education, housing, and health.
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