The effect of urban waste disposal practices on public health in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State
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Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Urban waste management has become one of the most pressing issues for cities across the globe, especially in developing nations where rapid urbanization has outpaced the establishment of proper waste management systems (Adeyemi & Usman, 2024). Jos North Local Government Area (LGA) in Plateau State is no exception, experiencing significant challenges related to waste disposal due to the rising population and inadequate waste management infrastructure (Olawale et al., 2023). Improper waste disposal practices, such as open dumping and inadequate recycling, have led to the accumulation of waste in urban spaces, creating an environment conducive to the spread of diseases (Haruna & Mohammed, 2024). Public health experts have long warned about the adverse effects of improper waste disposal on urban populations, including contamination of water sources, the spread of vector-borne diseases like malaria, and respiratory diseases from the burning of waste materials (Akintoye & Amusa, 2025). In Jos North, these issues are compounded by seasonal flooding, which exacerbates the spread of waste across residential and commercial areas (Adamu & Yusuf, 2024). The city’s waste management systems are still struggling to cope with the rapid pace of urbanization, and as a result, there is an urgent need to explore the connection between waste disposal practices and public health outcomes (Nigerian Environmental Society, 2023). It is within this context that this study seeks to examine how waste disposal practices in Jos North impact public health, with the aim of providing evidence-based recommendations for policy makers and urban planners.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Improper waste disposal practices in Jos North LGA have led to significant public health concerns, including the spread of waterborne diseases, respiratory infections, and vector-borne diseases. Despite the increasing recognition of these health risks, limited research has been conducted to specifically examine the relationship between waste disposal practices and public health outcomes in Jos North. This gap in knowledge hinders the development of effective waste management policies that could mitigate the adverse effects on public health.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
• To assess the impact of urban waste disposal practices on public health in Jos North LGA.
• To identify the major waste disposal practices contributing to public health risks in Jos North LGA.
• To evaluate the effectiveness of current waste management policies in mitigating public health risks in Jos North LGA.
1.4 Research Questions
• What is the relationship between urban waste disposal practices and public health in Jos North LGA?
• Which waste disposal practices pose the greatest risk to public health in Jos North LGA?
• How effective are the current waste management policies in Jos North LGA in reducing health risks?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
• H1: Improper waste disposal practices are significantly associated with the incidence of waterborne diseases in Jos North LGA.
• H2: Poor waste disposal practices increase the prevalence of respiratory diseases in Jos North LGA.
• H3: Current waste management policies in Jos North LGA are ineffective in preventing public health risks related to waste disposal.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study will be significant in highlighting the critical relationship between waste disposal practices and public health in Jos North LGA, a region experiencing rapid urbanization and growing waste management challenges (Olawale et al., 2023). By providing a clearer understanding of how waste disposal impacts health outcomes, the study will inform local government officials, policy makers, and health authorities about the pressing need for improved waste management systems. It will also offer practical insights into the types of waste disposal practices that contribute most to public health risks, thereby enabling targeted interventions to address these issues. The findings of this study could serve as a valuable resource for improving urban planning and sanitation strategies, ultimately contributing to a healthier, more sustainable environment for the residents of Jos North.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study is limited to Jos North Local Government Area, focusing on urban waste disposal practices and their direct impact on public health outcomes, including diseases such as malaria, cholera, and respiratory infections. The research will examine waste management practices within the city and exclude surrounding rural areas. The study will rely on surveys of residents and health data from local hospitals and clinics, with findings limited to this particular urban area.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
• Urban Waste Disposal: The collection, management, and disposal of waste generated in urban areas, including solid waste, sewage, and industrial byproducts.
• Public Health: The health status of the population, including the prevalence of diseases, wellness indicators, and environmental health conditions.
• Waste Management Policies: Government regulations, strategies, and initiatives aimed at managing waste generation, disposal, and recycling to protect public health and the environment.
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