An Evaluation of Nurses' Awareness and Practice of Neonatal Hypothermia Prevention in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Neonatal hypothermia is a condition in which a newborn's body temperature falls below the normal range, leading to increased risk of mortality and morbidity. It is a preventable condition, but it remains a significant challenge in neonatal care, especially in low-resource settings. Hypothermia can result from various factors, including premature birth, low birth weight, inadequate thermal protection, and environmental conditions. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), neonatal hypothermia is a major contributor to neonatal deaths, particularly in the first 24 hours of life.
In the Nigerian healthcare system, neonatal hypothermia is a common issue due to factors such as inadequate infrastructure, lack of proper training for healthcare workers, and suboptimal care practices. Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH) is one of the largest teaching hospitals in the southwestern region of Nigeria, providing comprehensive maternal and child healthcare services. The hospital plays a crucial role in neonatal care, yet there is limited data on the awareness and practices of nurses regarding hypothermia prevention in neonates.
Statement of the Problem
Neonatal hypothermia is a preventable condition that continues to contribute to neonatal mortality in Nigeria. Nurses are essential in preventing and managing hypothermia in neonates, but their level of awareness and adherence to recommended practices may vary. This study seeks to evaluate nurses' awareness of neonatal hypothermia and assess their practices in preventing the condition at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the awareness of nurses regarding the causes, risks, and prevention of neonatal hypothermia at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital.
- To evaluate the practices of nurses in preventing neonatal hypothermia in the hospital.
- To identify factors that influence the implementation of neonatal hypothermia prevention strategies by nurses.
Research Questions
- What is the level of awareness among nurses regarding the causes and prevention of neonatal hypothermia at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital?
- How do nurses practice neonatal hypothermia prevention in the hospital setting?
- What factors influence the implementation of neonatal hypothermia prevention strategies by nurses?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital have adequate awareness of neonatal hypothermia prevention.
- There is a significant relationship between nurses' awareness and their practice of hypothermia prevention.
- Barriers such as resource limitations and training deficiencies influence the implementation of hypothermia prevention practices by nurses.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in the neonatal care units at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital. It will examine their awareness of neonatal hypothermia and assess their prevention practices. Limitations include the possibility of recall bias and the inability to generalize findings beyond the institution.
Definition of Terms
- Neonatal Hypothermia: A condition in which a newborn's body temperature falls below 36.5°C, leading to adverse health effects such as increased risk of infection, respiratory problems, and death.
- Awareness: The understanding and knowledge of nurses regarding the causes, risks, and prevention strategies for neonatal hypothermia.
- Prevention Practices: The measures taken by nurses to prevent neonatal hypothermia, including proper thermal management and the use of incubators or warming devices.
- Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH): A tertiary healthcare institution in Lagos, Nigeria, providing specialized services, including neonatal care.
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