Background of the Study
Triage is a critical process in emergency departments (EDs), used to prioritize patients based on the severity of their condition to ensure timely medical intervention (Adeyemo & Bello, 2023). The effectiveness of triage systems directly influences patient outcomes, particularly in settings where resources are limited, and patient volume is high. Nurses play a pivotal role in the triage process, being the first to assess patients’ symptoms, categorize them into appropriate triage levels, and initiate care (Chukwu et al., 2023). Adherence to established triage protocols ensures that patients with life-threatening conditions are promptly attended to, while those with less severe cases are managed accordingly, optimizing the use of available resources (Sulaimon et al., 2024).
Nasarawa State University Teaching Hospital, located in a region with a growing population, faces increasing demands on its emergency department. Despite the importance of triage in EDs, there is limited research on nurses' adherence to triage protocols in Nigerian hospitals. This lack of research creates a gap in understanding the factors that contribute to non-adherence to triage systems and the impact this may have on patient outcomes. This study seeks to evaluate the adherence of nurses to patient triage protocols in the emergency department at Nasarawa State University Teaching Hospital, with the goal of identifying factors that influence adherence and proposing strategies to enhance it.
Statement of the Problem
Effective triage is crucial for ensuring that patients in emergency settings receive appropriate care based on the urgency of their condition. However, adherence to triage protocols by nurses in Nigerian emergency departments, including at Nasarawa State University Teaching Hospital, has not been well studied. Factors such as workload, training, and resource limitations may contribute to suboptimal adherence, potentially compromising patient care and leading to poorer outcomes. Therefore, investigating the adherence of nurses to triage protocols in this hospital is essential to improve emergency care delivery.
Objectives of the Study
To assess the level of adherence of nurses to patient triage protocols in the emergency department at Nasarawa State University Teaching Hospital.
To identify factors that influence nurses' adherence to triage protocols in the emergency department.
To propose recommendations to improve adherence to triage protocols in the emergency department.
Research Questions
What is the level of adherence to patient triage protocols among nurses in the emergency department at Nasarawa State University Teaching Hospital?
What factors influence nurses' adherence to triage protocols in the emergency department?
How can adherence to triage protocols be improved in the emergency department at Nasarawa State University Teaching Hospital?
Research Hypotheses
There is a significant relationship between nurses' knowledge of triage protocols and their adherence to these protocols.
Nurses with more years of experience in emergency care are more likely to adhere to triage protocols than those with less experience.
Inadequate resources significantly hinder nurses' adherence to patient triage protocols.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in the emergency department at Nasarawa State University Teaching Hospital. It will evaluate their adherence to triage protocols and the factors influencing their practices. Limitations include potential bias in self-reporting adherence and the lack of generalizability of the findings to other hospitals with different resources and practices.
Definitions of Terms
Triage: The process of prioritizing patients based on the severity of their condition to determine the order of treatment.
Adherence: The extent to which nurses follow established triage protocols in the emergency department.
Nurses: Healthcare professionals responsible for assessing and prioritizing patients in the emergency department based on triage protocols.
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