An investigation of nurses' preparedness for managing sickle cell crises in pediatric patients at Federal Medical Centre, Owerri
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Background of the Study
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary blood disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where the disease burden is highest (Afolabi et al., 2023). The disease is characterized by the production of abnormally shaped red blood cells, leading to various complications, including painful episodes known as sickle cell crises. These crises, which are often triggered by factors such as dehydration, infection, or stress, require prompt and effective management to alleviate pain, prevent complications, and improve the quality of life for pediatric patients (Ogunyemi et al., 2024).
In hospitals, especially in regions with high prevalence rates of sickle cell disease like Nigeria, nurses play a crucial role in the management of sickle cell crises in pediatric patients. Their preparedness to respond to sickle cell crises can significantly impact patient outcomes (Adegboye & Akinmoladun, 2023). However, there is growing concern about the adequacy of nurses' training and preparedness for managing these crises, as research has highlighted gaps in knowledge and skills in this area (Eze et al., 2025). Inadequate preparedness may lead to delays in intervention, mismanagement of pain, and an increased risk of complications.
Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, is one of the key healthcare institutions in Nigeria that provides care for pediatric patients with sickle cell disease. However, despite the hospital's resources, it remains unclear whether nurses are adequately prepared to manage sickle cell crises effectively. Given the complexities involved in treating pediatric patients with SCD, a thorough investigation into the preparedness of nurses at this hospital is needed. Understanding the level of knowledge, skills, and attitudes of nurses regarding the management of sickle cell crises will help identify areas for improvement and contribute to the development of targeted training programs (Ogunrinde et al., 2023).
Statement of the Problem
Sickle cell disease remains a major public health challenge in Nigeria, with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly among children. Management of sickle cell crises requires timely interventions, including pain management, hydration, and prevention of complications such as organ damage (Okafor et al., 2024). Despite the critical role that nurses play in the care of pediatric patients with sickle cell disease, there is evidence suggesting that many nurses are not fully prepared to manage these crises (Akinmoladun & Olutoye, 2023). This lack of preparedness may lead to suboptimal care and poor patient outcomes. Therefore, an investigation into the preparedness of nurses at Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, in managing sickle cell crises is essential to identify gaps in training, knowledge, and practice.
Objectives of the Study
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To assess the level of knowledge among nurses regarding the management of sickle cell crises in pediatric patients at Federal Medical Centre, Owerri.
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To evaluate the preparedness of nurses to manage sickle cell crises in pediatric patients at the hospital.
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To identify factors that influence nurses' preparedness for managing sickle cell crises in pediatric patients.
Research Questions
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What is the level of knowledge among nurses about managing sickle cell crises in pediatric patients at Federal Medical Centre, Owerri?
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How prepared are nurses to manage sickle cell crises in pediatric patients at the hospital?
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What factors influence nurses' preparedness to manage sickle cell crises in pediatric patients?
Research Hypotheses
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There is a significant relationship between nurses' knowledge of sickle cell crisis management and their preparedness to manage such crises.
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Nurses with more years of experience are better prepared to manage sickle cell crises than those with less experience.
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Training on sickle cell management improves nurses' preparedness for managing pediatric sickle cell crises.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working at Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, specifically those involved in the care of pediatric patients with sickle cell disease. The study will be limited to an evaluation of nurses' knowledge, preparedness, and related factors such as training and experience. Limitations include the potential for response bias, as nurses may overestimate their preparedness. The study is also geographically limited to Owerri, meaning the findings may not be directly applicable to other regions in Nigeria.
Definitions of Terms
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Sickle cell disease (SCD): A genetic blood disorder characterized by the production of sickle-shaped red blood cells, leading to blockages in blood vessels and causing pain episodes.
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Sickle cell crises: Acute episodes of pain and other complications experienced by individuals with sickle cell disease.
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Nurses: Healthcare professionals who provide medical care and support to patients, including those with sickle cell disease.
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