Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
The herdsmen-farmer conflict in Nigeria, particularly in central and northern regions, has escalated in recent years, severely impacting social stability in affected areas. In Benue State, Agatu Local Government Area has witnessed recurrent violence between farmers and herders over land use and grazing rights. This conflict has not only resulted in loss of lives and property but also created deep divisions within communities, disrupting social cohesion and stability. According to Iwu (2023), the Agatu area has been a hotspot for violent clashes, exacerbating economic hardships and creating tensions between ethnic groups. This study examines how these conflicts affect the social fabric of Agatu, considering the impact on community relationships, economic activities, and overall social stability. By exploring the dimensions of the conflict and its consequences, the study seeks to provide recommendations for mitigating these tensions and fostering peace.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The continuous escalation of herdsmen-farmer conflicts in Agatu has undermined social stability, with local communities increasingly divided along ethnic and socio-economic lines. The conflict has led to the displacement of thousands, the destruction of farmlands, and the disruption of daily life. However, the full impact of these conflicts on social stability, in terms of community relations and economic activities, has not been adequately studied. This research aims to address this gap by investigating the consequences of the herders-farmers conflict on social stability in Agatu Local Government Area.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
To assess the impact of herdsmen-farmer conflicts on social stability in Agatu LGA.
To evaluate the economic consequences of the conflict on local communities in Agatu.
To identify strategies for promoting peace and restoring social stability in Agatu.
1.4 Research Questions
How have herdsmen-farmer conflicts affected social stability in Agatu LGA?
What are the economic consequences of these conflicts on local communities in Agatu?
What strategies can be employed to promote peace and restore stability in Agatu?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
H₀: Herdsmen-farmer conflicts do not significantly impact social stability in Agatu LGA.
H₁: Herdsmen-farmer conflicts significantly impact social stability in Agatu LGA.
H₂: There are effective strategies to promote peace and restore stability in Agatu LGA.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study will contribute to the broader understanding of the social and economic impacts of herdsmen-farmer conflicts, which have become a significant security challenge in many parts of Nigeria. The findings will help policymakers, local authorities, and peacebuilders in Agatu and similar regions design effective conflict resolution strategies that can restore social stability and foster long-term peace.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on the social and economic impacts of herdsmen-farmer conflicts in Agatu LGA, Benue State. It will not extend to other regions or conflict types. A limitation of the study is the potential difficulty in obtaining data from affected communities, where fear and insecurity may hinder participation.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Herdsmen-Farmer Conflicts: Disputes between farmers and herders over land use, grazing rights, and other related issues that often result in violence.
Social Stability: The degree of cohesion and peaceful coexistence within a community or society.
Conflict Resolution: Methods and strategies used to address and resolve disputes and tensions between conflicting parties.
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