An examination of the role of public health nurses in cardiovascular disease prevention in Osun State
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Background of the Study
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death globally, with lifestyle factors such as diet, physical inactivity, and smoking contributing significantly to the burden of disease (Aderibigbe et al., 2024). In Nigeria, the prevalence of CVD is on the rise due to urbanization, changing dietary habits, and increased stress levels (Adeyemo et al., 2023). Public health nurses are vital in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, as they provide education, promote health awareness, and facilitate lifestyle changes within communities. In Osun State, public health nurses are involved in various aspects of health promotion, including screening, education campaigns, and the implementation of preventive strategies.
Despite the essential role of public health nurses, their efforts in cardiovascular disease prevention often face significant challenges, including limited resources, insufficient training, and public reluctance to adopt healthy lifestyles (Akinmoladun et al., 2025). This study aims to investigate the role of public health nurses in cardiovascular disease prevention in Osun State, exploring the strategies they use, the challenges they encounter, and the effectiveness of their interventions in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the growing burden of cardiovascular diseases in Nigeria, the role of public health nurses in their prevention remains under-researched. Public health nurses in Osun State play a crucial role in educating the public and promoting preventive measures, but they face numerous challenges, such as lack of resources and community engagement. This study seeks to examine the role of public health nurses in cardiovascular disease prevention in Osun State and assess the effectiveness of their efforts in reducing the burden of CVD.
Objectives of the Study
1. To examine the role of public health nurses in cardiovascular disease prevention in Osun State.
2. To assess the effectiveness of public health nurses’ interventions in reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors in Osun State.
3. To identify the challenges faced by public health nurses in implementing cardiovascular disease prevention programs.
Research Questions
1. What role do public health nurses play in cardiovascular disease prevention in Osun State?
2. How effective are the interventions of public health nurses in reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors in Osun State?
3. What challenges do public health nurses face in implementing cardiovascular disease prevention programs in Osun State?
Research Hypotheses
1. Public health nurses in Osun State effectively reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors through their interventions.
2. Public health nurses face significant challenges in implementing cardiovascular disease prevention programs in Osun State.
3. The effectiveness of public health nurses’ interventions in cardiovascular disease prevention is influenced by resource availability and community engagement.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on public health nurses in Osun State, exploring their role in cardiovascular disease prevention. The study is limited by the availability of participants, resource constraints, and the potential variability in public health programs across different communities.
Definitions of Terms
• Public Health Nurses: Nurses who specialize in promoting health and preventing disease in communities through education, advocacy, and health initiatives.
• Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Measures taken to reduce the risk of heart disease through lifestyle changes, screening, and early intervention.
• Osun State: A state in southwestern Nigeria, which faces a growing burden of cardiovascular diseases due to changing lifestyles and urbanization.
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