Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
The adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in rural areas is often hindered by several factors, particularly geopolitical issues that shape the accessibility and infrastructure needed for ICT to thrive. Okene Local Government Area (LGA) in Kogi State is no exception, where political dynamics, infrastructural development, and regional policies influence the rate of ICT adoption. Studies have shown that geopolitical factors such as government policies, the distribution of resources, and local political leadership play a significant role in determining access to ICT tools and training (Johnson et al., 2023). Okene, a predominantly rural region, faces specific challenges related to the digital divide, which is exacerbated by uneven development across different regions of the state (Olayemi & Folarin, 2024). In this context, Okene’s geopolitical factors, including local governance, ethnic dynamics, and regional economic priorities, are central to understanding the current state of ICT adoption.
Additionally, while national initiatives, such as the National ICT Policy, seek to bridge the technological gap, localized interventions are often necessary to address the unique needs and circumstances of rural populations. Recent government-driven programs have aimed at promoting ICT usage in rural Nigeria, but the implementation and effectiveness of these policies often vary across LGAs (Afolabi, 2025). Local political figures in Okene are increasingly aware of the importance of ICT for development, which has prompted local governments to prioritize technology integration in schools, businesses, and local government activities (Salami & Yusuf, 2023). However, the actual impact of these initiatives remains uncertain and requires further investigation. This study aims to assess how geopolitical factors influence ICT adoption in Okene, exploring both challenges and opportunities presented by the region’s political landscape.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The adoption of ICT in Okene LGA is constrained by several geopolitical factors, which include inconsistent government policies, insufficient infrastructure, and lack of political will at the local government level. Despite national efforts to foster ICT development, the gap in access to digital tools remains significant, particularly in rural areas like Okene. These issues hinder local businesses, educational institutions, and individuals from fully leveraging ICT for growth. This study seeks to explore how geopolitical factors influence the adoption and integration of ICT in Okene LGA, addressing the problem of underdeveloped technological infrastructure and policy execution at the local level.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Research Hypothesis
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it provides critical insights into the role of local governance and geopolitical dynamics in shaping ICT adoption in Okene LGA, Kogi State. It will contribute to existing literature by offering a localized perspective on ICT integration in rural Nigerian contexts, where studies are often generalized or lack specific focus on regional political dynamics (Adeyemo, 2023). Understanding the geopolitical role in ICT adoption is crucial for policymakers, educators, and technology developers looking to implement effective strategies in rural areas. The findings of this study will guide local governments in Kogi State, and by extension, similar regions in Nigeria, in creating policies that are more attuned to the unique challenges of rural communities. Additionally, this research will highlight the importance of local political leadership in the successful integration of technology, emphasizing how leaders can leverage available resources and infrastructures for the betterment of their communities.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
The scope of this study is limited to Okene LGA in Kogi State, Nigeria. The study focuses on the geopolitical factors affecting ICT adoption within this region. The research will primarily examine local government policies, political leadership, and infrastructure development, with a specific focus on rural areas. The limitations of the study include restricted access to certain remote areas due to infrastructural challenges and possible biases in local government reporting. Additionally, the study may face challenges in obtaining up-to-date information regarding ongoing ICT initiatives in the region.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
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