Background of the Study: Pain and symptom management are central to providing quality care in hospice settings, especially for patients in the terminal stages of illness. Effective management improves the quality of life and provides comfort during the last stages of life (Oloruntoba & Akinmoladun, 2024). In Borno State, as in many parts of Nigeria, the hospice care system faces significant challenges in managing the pain and symptoms of terminally ill patients. Factors such as limited resources, inadequate training for healthcare providers, and sociocultural attitudes towards death and suffering can hinder the delivery of optimal pain and symptom management in hospice care (Suleiman et al., 2025).
Nurses play a vital role in the provision of pain management and symptom control in hospice care, addressing both the physical and emotional needs of patients. Despite the availability of pain relief medications such as opioids, barriers such as stigma, fear of addiction, and the high cost of medications often prevent effective pain management. Additionally, nurses may lack sufficient training in managing complex symptoms and providing emotional support, which can result in suboptimal care (Akinyemi et al., 2023). The complexities of managing symptoms like pain, shortness of breath, and nausea in a holistic manner require specialized knowledge and resources, which are often lacking in resource-poor settings like Borno State.
This study aims to assess the barriers that prevent effective pain and symptom management in hospice care for patients in Borno State hospitals, with a focus on the role of nurses in overcoming these barriers.
Statement of the Problem: Despite the critical importance of pain and symptom management in hospice care, there is limited research on the specific barriers faced by nurses in Borno State hospitals. Ineffective pain management not only causes unnecessary suffering for patients but also detracts from the quality of end-of-life care. This study will explore the barriers to effective pain and symptom management in Borno State hospitals and identify strategies to improve the quality of care provided to hospice patients.
Objectives of the Study:
Research Questions:
Research Hypotheses:
Scope and Limitations of the Study: This study will focus on assessing the barriers to effective pain and symptom management in hospice patients within Borno State hospitals. Limitations may include difficulty accessing sensitive patient data and potential biases in responses from nurses or healthcare administrators.
Definitions of Terms:
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