AN ANALYSIS OF REPORT CASES OF CRIMES IN NIGERIA FROM 1995 - 2004
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Quantitative
- ANOVA
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Criminality is inherent in human nature and culture. As a result, no civilization can claim to be fully crime-free. However, the sorts of criminal behavior tend to follow the pattern of a society's social and economic growth. It is not surprising, however, that a society at a low level of development experiences an increase in the rate of violent crimes such as armed robbery, politically motivated killings, the use of illicit weapons, ethnic and religious confrontations, and so on (Ohijini 2005: 1).
Crime results in the loss of life and property, as well as an overpowering sense of unease. These have important implications for democracy, economic growth, social capital, and general associational life. The high incidence of crime undermines individual and social objectives for democracy, growth, human rights, and a good quality of life.
An increase in violent crime and delinquency is a frequent feature of transitional countries. This has been attributed to the uncontrollable nature of change in its early stages, the demobilization or dismantling of repressive security apparatuses used by previous authoritarian regimes to control crime, and unequal socioeconomic opportunities brought about by economic liberalization programs. What makes societies unique?
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Most Nigerians believe that the country's crime and insecurity levels are extremely high, and that crime has been on the rise in recent years. The Nigerian government is concerned with organized and non-organized crime, as well as associated vices such as smuggling of contrabands, particularly weapons, counterfeiting, money-laundering, armed robberies, kidnapping, auto hijacking, and human trafficking. Similarly, high-profile crimes, as well as politically motivated assassinations and kidnappings, have recently added to the country's criminal complexity.
The country's south-east seems to be the most damaged. In its editorial (July 5, 2010: 11), Newswatch Magazine labeled the south east zone as a no-go zone due to violent crimes such as kidnapping, robbery, and assassination. According to Scroll Magazine (July 5, 2010: 13), the region has become a goldmine for hoodlums and criminal elements who have mastered the skill of kidnapping innocent people, including children, for large ransoms. Newswatch Magazine (July 5, 2010: 11) went on to say that all of this has resulted in a massive rise of crime and criminality in a place known for hard labor and quiet life.
On the recent kidnapping of four journalists in Abia Level on July 11, 2010, and the country's state of insecurity. This is how Dan Agbese (2010) explains it concisely.
"To declare the obvious and painful truth: we are all captives and possible victims of armed robbers and kidnappers." We live in cages with towering walls and iron gates. We drive with two eyes in front of us and two in the back of our heads. The wealthy are protected by armoured cars and armed police officers or private security guards. Our hearts are permanently in our mouths since, regardless of individual measures, we are collectively vulnerable across the country."
The government is on the danger of failing to maintain the vital constitutional obligation of protecting citizens' lives and property. If not controlled, the country's present push to fulfill Vision 20-20 and the Millennium Development Goals by 2015 might be jeopardized.
As a result, the study's problem is based on statistical analysis of crime report instances in Enugu State.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The general objective of the study is to find out, describe and analyse the report cases of crimes in Enugu State. Specifically, the study seeks to:
- ascertain the most prevalent form of crime in Enugu State
- ascertain if there are no differences in crime against persons and that against property.
- Report the crime cases over ten years period (1995 – 2004)
- Make recommendations on possible ways of curbing criminal activities in the state.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following research questions guided the study:
- What are the factors that motivate people to commit crime in Enugu State?
- Which forms of crime are the most rampant in Enugu State?
- Is crime rate in Enugu State actually increasing or decreasing?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
The research hypotheses that guided this study are as follows:
- HO: There are no significant differences among various forms of crime committed in the State.
- H0: There is no significant difference in the crime against persons and crime against property in the State.
- H0: There are no significant increases in the trend for crime as the year progresses
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This is an empirical study on trends in criminal activities in Enugu State. The variables understudies are; the causes/motivations for crime, most prevalent forms of crime in the State, and the trend pattern over the period understudy (i.e 2000 to 2009)
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will be useful to law enforcement agencies
It will bring to the fore the causes, most prevalent form of crime, problems in fighting crime as well as possible solutions. This will help the law enforcement agencies in laying strong foundations in combating crime in the country.
This study will provide information on the depth of criminal activities and enable the government to know the need to ensure security to its citizens. It will create awareness on those barriers militating against proper security of lives and properties in major cities. The government will see the need to properly equip the security agencies and the need to provide incentives for the personnel for instance through seminars/workshops, regular in-service training, regular promotions and payment of salaries.
This will add to the body of knowledge on causes as well as trends in criminal activities in urban areas and will serve as a guide to other researchers who may have interest in crime study.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Crimes are frequently classified as
- Offences against persons: These crimes are committed against individuals or groups, and may result in physical or psychological harm to the victim(s). These include, for example, murder, manslaughter, attempted murder, suicide, grievous harm wounding, assault, child stealing, slave dealing; rape and indecent assault, unnatural offences.
- Offences against property or property crimes: These crimes are committed with the intent to permanently deprive or destroy or damage the property of another, either as individuals or groups. These include stealing; robbery and extortion, burglary, house breaking, false pretences/cheating, store breaking, forgery, receiving stolen property, unlawful possession, arson and other offences.
- Offences against currency and lawful authority: include such crimes as forgery of currency notes, coining offences, breach of public peace, gambling, perjury, bribery and corruption, escaping from lawful custody and other offences.
- Offences against Local Acts: Include offences against Traffic Acts, offences against Township Acts, offences against Liquor Acts, offences against Dog Acts, offences against Firearms Acts, Narcotics and other offences.
- Conventional Crimes: Under this, we have violent crimes and property crimes. Violent crimes include murder, armed robbery, rape, manslaughter, ritual killings, kidnapping and assault. Property crimes include burglary, larceny, shoplifting, motorcycle and bicycle theft, motor vehicle theft, theft of car accessories, embezzlement, fraud, arson and purse snatching.
- White-Collar Crime: It is any illegal act, punishable by criminal law that is committed in the course of a legitimate occupation or pursuit by a corporation or by any otherwise respectable person.
- Organized crimes: Are crimes that involve many people who participate in different stages of the criminal acts for it to be successful. These crimes include human trafficking, drug trafficking, cyber crime, money laundering and online banking, advanced feed fraud (419), corruption, assassination etc.
- Crimes without Victims: Include prostitution, drug abuse, and gambling.
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