Background of the Study
Electoral violence remains one of the most significant challenges to the democratic process in many regions of Nigeria. Jos South Local Government in Plateau State has witnessed incidents of electoral violence that have disrupted elections and tarnished the reputation of political institutions. Electoral violence often stems from political rivalry, manipulation of the electoral process, and the lack of effective mechanisms to enforce electoral laws (Nguyen & Yusufu, 2024). These violent acts not only hinder voter participation but also erode public trust in political institutions, including the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and security agencies (Zubairu & Dangana, 2023). As a result, public perception of these institutions becomes distorted, which can have long-lasting effects on the political climate and the overall credibility of the electoral process. This study aims to assess how electoral violence in Jos South affects the public's perception of political institutions and how this perception influences voter behavior in subsequent elections.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Electoral violence in Jos South Local Government has led to a decline in voter turnout and trust in electoral institutions. Previous research has shown that violence, especially during elections, discourages civic engagement and distorts the functioning of democratic processes (Kanu & Owolabi, 2023). However, there is a dearth of studies specifically examining how electoral violence in Jos South shapes public perceptions of political institutions and the electoral process. This study seeks to address this gap by analyzing the impact of electoral violence on public perceptions and its subsequent effects on electoral integrity and political stability in the region.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
To evaluate the impact of electoral violence on public perception of political institutions in Jos South Local Government.
To analyze how electoral violence influences voter behavior and participation in elections.
To explore the potential reforms that can reduce electoral violence and improve public trust in political institutions.
1.4 Research Questions
How does electoral violence in Jos South Local Government affect public perception of political institutions?
In what ways does electoral violence influence voter behavior and participation in future elections?
What reforms can be implemented to mitigate electoral violence and restore public trust in political institutions?
1.5 Research Hypotheses
Electoral violence negatively affects public trust in political institutions in Jos South Local Government.
The occurrence of electoral violence leads to decreased voter participation in subsequent elections in Jos South.
The implementation of reforms to address electoral violence can improve public perception of political institutions and increase voter confidence.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study will contribute to the understanding of how electoral violence impacts the credibility of political institutions and democratic processes in Jos South. It will provide valuable insights for policymakers, electoral bodies, and civil society organizations working to strengthen electoral integrity and public confidence in the political system. Furthermore, the findings will help to develop strategies for reducing electoral violence and improving democratic participation in the region.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study is limited to Jos South Local Government in Plateau State, focusing on the relationship between electoral violence and public perceptions of political institutions. Data will be collected from electoral participants, political stakeholders, and residents of the local government. The study does not extend to other local governments or states, and findings may not be generalizable outside the context of Jos South.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Electoral Violence: Physical and psychological violence or intimidation during the electoral process, including voter suppression and electoral fraud.
Public Perception: The attitudes, beliefs, and opinions of the public regarding political institutions and processes.
Political Institutions: Organizations and structures such as INEC, political parties, and the judiciary that play a role in the political system and electoral processes.
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