An Assessment of Political Polarization and National Integration: A Study of Jos North Local Government, Plateau State
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Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Political polarization in Nigeria has become a significant challenge to national integration, as it hinders social cohesion and threatens democratic stability. In Jos North Local Government, Plateau State, political divisions along ethnic, religious, and party lines have intensified in recent years, contributing to growing tensions and distrust between different groups (Adebayo & Usman, 2023). This polarization undermines efforts towards national unity, as citizens identify more strongly with their political affiliations than with the broader national interest. The complex history of ethnic and religious conflicts in Plateau State further complicates these dynamics, making the region an important case study in understanding the impact of political polarization on national integration (Olowe & Tijani, 2024). This study aims to assess how political polarization in Jos North affects national integration efforts, focusing on how it influences inter-ethnic and inter-religious relations, political participation, and social stability.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The increasing political polarization in Jos North Local Government is a source of concern, as it exacerbates existing ethnic and religious tensions and undermines efforts to build a cohesive society. Divisive politics have led to polarized voting patterns, limited cooperation between different political and social groups, and a growing mistrust of political institutions. The study aims to explore the nature of political polarization in Jos North and assess its impact on national integration, particularly in terms of fostering social cohesion, political stability, and unity within Nigeria.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
- To assess the extent of political polarization in Jos North Local Government and its impact on national integration.
- To evaluate how political polarization affects inter-ethnic and inter-religious relations in Jos North.
- To examine the role of political leaders and parties in either mitigating or exacerbating political polarization and its consequences for national integration.
1.4 Research Questions
- What is the extent of political polarization in Jos North Local Government?
- How does political polarization affect national integration, particularly inter-ethnic and inter-religious relations in Jos North?
- How do political leaders and parties contribute to or mitigate the effects of political polarization on national unity in Jos North?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
- Political polarization in Jos North significantly impedes national integration efforts, particularly in terms of inter-ethnic and inter-religious relations.
- The degree of political polarization is positively correlated with political instability and social unrest in Jos North.
- Political leaders and parties that promote inclusive politics contribute to reducing political polarization and fostering national integration.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study provides a deeper understanding of the consequences of political polarization on national integration in Nigeria, using Jos North as a case study. The findings will be important for policymakers, political parties, and civil society organizations seeking to promote national unity, reduce tensions, and enhance social cohesion in regions affected by political divisions. Additionally, the study will contribute to broader discussions about the role of political leaders in managing polarization and promoting national integration in multi-ethnic and multi-religious societies.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
The research is limited to the study of political polarization and its impact on national integration within Jos North Local Government, Plateau State. The study does not include other regions or local governments in Nigeria.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
- Political Polarization: The division of society into opposing political factions that exhibit strong and often hostile ideological differences.
- National Integration: The process of creating a unified society through shared values, beliefs, and political participation, promoting unity among diverse groups.
- Inter-ethnic and Inter-religious Relations: The interactions and relationships between different ethnic and religious groups in a society.
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