The Impact of Border Control Policies on National Security in Illela LGA, Sokoto State: A Case Study of Cross-Border Smuggling
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
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- Table of Content: Available
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- NGN 5000
Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Border control policies are central to national security, particularly in regions prone to transnational crimes such as smuggling. Illela LGA in Sokoto State, located along Nigeria’s northern border, faces significant challenges in controlling cross-border smuggling of goods, weapons, and people (Zubairu & Abdulrahman, 2023; Hassan et al., 2024). Smuggling activities, often facilitated by porous borders and weak enforcement, have serious implications for national security, as they undermine the economy, fuel criminal activities, and promote insecurity. In response, Nigeria has implemented various border control policies aimed at curbing smuggling and enhancing national security. These policies include the establishment of border security agencies, improved surveillance, and stricter enforcement mechanisms. However, the effectiveness of these policies in Illela LGA, in terms of curbing smuggling and strengthening national security, requires further investigation. This study seeks to examine the impact of border control policies on national security, using the case of cross-border smuggling in Illela LGA.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Despite efforts to improve border security in Nigeria, cross-border smuggling remains a persistent problem in Illela LGA, undermining national security (Bawa & Musa, 2023; Ibrahim & Ali, 2024). The ineffective enforcement of border control policies, coupled with the economic incentives for smuggling and the complicity of local actors, has hindered progress in addressing this issue. Illela LGA's strategic position as a border region places it at the heart of these challenges. The gap in knowledge regarding the direct impact of border control policies on smuggling activities and national security in this region warrants further exploration. This study aims to investigate how border control policies affect cross-border smuggling in Illela LGA and their broader implications for national security.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
- To assess the impact of border control policies on cross-border smuggling in Illela LGA.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of border security measures in enhancing national security in Illela LGA.
- To identify the challenges in enforcing border control policies in Illela LGA and propose solutions to improve border security.
1.4 Research Questions
- How do border control policies affect cross-border smuggling in Illela LGA?
- How effective are border security measures in enhancing national security in Illela LGA?
- What challenges hinder the enforcement of border control policies in Illela LGA, and how can they be addressed?
1.5 Research Hypotheses
- Border control policies significantly reduce cross-border smuggling in Illela LGA.
- Border security measures positively contribute to national security in Illela LGA.
- Addressing enforcement challenges will improve the effectiveness of border control policies in Illela LGA.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study is significant because it contributes to understanding how border control policies can be improved to address cross-border smuggling and enhance national security in border regions like Illela LGA. The research findings will provide recommendations for policymakers, border security agencies, and local government authorities on how to strengthen border security measures. Additionally, the study will offer insights into the challenges faced by enforcement agencies and provide strategies for improving their effectiveness in combating smuggling.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on Illela LGA in Sokoto State and examines the impact of border control policies on cross-border smuggling and national security. It does not extend to other LGAs or broader national-level border security policies.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
- Border Control Policies: Government measures and regulations aimed at managing and securing national borders, preventing illegal activities, and controlling the flow of goods and people.
- Cross-Border Smuggling: The illegal movement of goods, people, or resources across national borders, often circumventing customs and immigration controls.
- National Security: The protection and defense of a nation against internal and external threats, including criminal activities such as smuggling, terrorism, and insurgency.
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