ANALYSIS OF EFFECT OF FLOOD ON LIVELIHOODS AND ADAPTATION MEASURES OF SMALLHOLDER CROP FARMERS
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- 1-5 Chapters
- Quantitative
- Chi-Square
- Abstract : Available
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- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the effect of flood on farm families in Delta State. It specifically described the socioeconomic characteristics of smallholder crop farmers in the study area, identified the causes of floods in the study area, evaluated the economic effects of flood hazards on smallholder crop farmers, examined the vulnerability of smallholder crop farmers’ families to floods in the study area and identified adaptive strategies for mitigating the negative effects of floods on smallholder farm households. 395 smallholder farmers were randomly drawn from Oleh, Isoko South local government areas. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources and analysed through the use of both descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The result shows that over 51% of the respondents were females while majority (57,78%) of them were within the age bracket of 20 to 59 years and 70.56% were married.Over 87% of the respondents had one form of formal education or the other while themean household size was 8 persons with most of the farmers (76.66%) having farm sizes of 1.0 hectare and bellow. The identified causes of flooding in the area included long hours of rainfall, type of land use pattern, dumping of refuse into water channels, lack of and poor drainage networks, topography, nature of urban land surface and building types, and stream basin parameters. Lack of drainage network in the disposal of flood water is believed to be a major factor substantially worsening flooding in the study area. More than 27% of houses of sampled respondents collapsed during the 2012 flood in the study area while about (43%) suffered health problems. The results of the regression analysis of the effects of socioeconomic variables on vulnerability to flood hazards showed that savings, membership of ROSCAS, farm output and income had negative and statistically significant effect on vulnerability while Dependency Ratio is positively signed and statistically significant at the 5% level. Thus, vulnerability to flood event is highly reduced as savings, membership of ROSCAS, farm output and level of income of the smallholder farmers increase while the opposite is the case when the dependency ratio increases. Measures to reduce the risks of flooding in their area were identified as river re-channelisation, raising foundation of houses flood water level the use of sand bags as levees to keep away flood water. It is recommended that early warning of flooding based on climatic variability will help people in flood prone areas to prepare ahead of time. Also construction and improvement of drainage networks to effectively dispose flood water will go a long way in reducing the risks of flooding.
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