THE USE OF POSTERS AND BILLBOARDS AS VISUAL DATA TO IN EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROTEST MESSAGING (A CASE STUDY OF ENDBADGOVERNANCE PROTEST).
Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Visual communication has become a vital component in modern protest movements, where posters and billboards serve as powerful tools for conveying messages and rallying support. In the context of the EndBadGovernance protests in Nigeria, which erupted in 2024, the use of visual media played a significant role in shaping public perception and mobilizing participants. Posters and billboards are not only effective in spreading awareness but also in reinforcing the movement's key messages and demands (Channelstv, 2024; Premium Times, 2024).
The EndBadGovernance protests were driven by widespread dissatisfaction with corruption, economic mismanagement, and poor governance. Protesters used various visual elements to communicate their messages, express their grievances, and demand change. Posters and billboards, with their ability to reach a broad audience and convey complex messages succinctly, were strategically employed to capture attention, inspire action, and maintain momentum (Punchng, 2024).
These visual tools function as both informational and motivational elements within the protest landscape. Posters, often displayed in high-traffic areas, and billboards, strategically placed in prominent locations, are designed to communicate core messages, slogans, and demands of the protest movement. Their effectiveness can be evaluated through various dimensions, including visibility, clarity of message, emotional impact, and overall influence on public opinion and participation (Aljazeera, 2024).
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of posters and billboards as visual data in the EndBadGovernance protests. By analyzing the design, placement, and impact of these visual elements, the study seeks to provide insights into their role in shaping protest messaging and influencing public engagement.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The use of posters and billboards in protest movements raises important questions about their effectiveness in conveying messages and mobilizing support. Despite their widespread use, there is limited research on how these visual tools impact the effectiveness of protest messaging and their role in shaping public perception.
In the EndBadGovernance protests, the strategic deployment of posters and billboards aimed to capture public attention and communicate key demands. However, the actual impact of these visual elements on public awareness, engagement, and support remains unclear. Challenges such as message saturation, visual clutter, and varying levels of access to media may affect the effectiveness of these tools (Channelstv, 2024).
This study seeks to address the following questions: How effective were posters and billboards in conveying the core messages of the EndBadGovernance protests? What factors influenced their impact on public perception and participation? And how can the use of visual data be optimized in future protest movements to enhance messaging and mobilization?
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it provides a detailed analysis of the role of posters and billboards in protest messaging, using the EndBadGovernance protests as a case study. By evaluating the design, placement, and impact of these visual tools, the study offers insights into their effectiveness in mobilizing support and shaping public opinion.
The findings of this study can inform activists, campaign organizers, and policymakers about best practices for utilizing visual elements in protest movements. Understanding the effectiveness of posters and billboards can help optimize their use in future protests, enhancing their ability to convey key messages, attract attention, and drive public engagement. Additionally, the study contributes to the broader field of visual communication in social movements, highlighting the importance of strategic design and placement in achieving protest objectives.
1.6 Scope and Delimitation of the Study
The study focuses on the use of posters and billboards in the EndBadGovernance protests in Nigeria. It examines the design, placement, and impact of these visual elements on protest messaging and public engagement. The study period covers the protests in 2024, providing a contemporary perspective on the effectiveness of visual tools. While the findings may offer insights for other contexts, the scope is limited to the EndBadGovernance protests and may not be directly applicable to other protest movements or regions.
1.7 Operational Definition of Terms
EndBadGovernance Protests: A series of demonstrations in Nigeria aimed at addressing issues of poor governance, corruption, and economic mismanagement.
Posters: Printed materials used in protests to convey messages, slogans, and demands. They are typically displayed in public spaces.
Billboards: Large advertising structures used to display messages and visual content to a broad audience. They are strategically placed in high-traffic areas.
Visual Data: Information conveyed through visual elements such as posters and billboards, used to evaluate the effectiveness of protest messaging.
Protest Messaging: The content and communication strategies employed in protests to convey key messages, demands, and objectives
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