ASSESSMENT OF URBAN ENCROACHMENT ON AGRICULTURAL LAND
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- NGN 3000
ABSTRACT
Urban expansion constitutes one of the key agents of land use change with the impact felt at local, regional and global levels, such impact include spatial growth on agricultural land. This study assesses urban encroachment on agricultural land in Offa Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information techniques. Three imageries of LandSat TM 1990, LandSat ETM 1999 and Nigeria Sat X 2014 used processed, classified using supervised classification, and analyzed in Erdas Imagine 9.2 and ArcGIS 10.1 environment to assess the total spatial loss of agricultural land to urban expansion. Built – up and Agricultural land were extracted from the imageries and the spatial growth and loss within the study period was established. The findings revealed that the study area witnessed a significant reduction and increase in agricultural land and built – up respectively. Agricultural land occupying the highest coverage of 148.63 km² (65.36%) in 1990 decreased to 107.18 km² (47.14%) in 2014. The total spatial loss was 41.45 km² (27.89%) at an annual rate of 1.73 km² within the same period. While the built-up area expanded from 17.5km² in 1990 to 65.09 km² in 2014, total spatial change of 47.52 km² (270.40%) was experienced with at annual rate of 1.98 km² (11.27%) within the study period (1990 – 2014). The comparison of these results shows that 43.50 km² (19.13%) of agricultural land in the study area was lost to urban expansion within the study period at an annual conversion rate of 1.81 km². From the foregoing, it is recommended that urban spreading to agriculture land should be controlled as this will have serious repercussions on food security, although urban expansion cannot be stopped, but with proper management and planning it can be directed in a desirable and sustainable way.
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