An Investigation of the Impact of Social Support on the Well-Being of Elderly Patients in General Hospital, Yola
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Background of the Study
The well-being of elderly individuals is influenced by various factors, including physical health, psychological state, and social support. As people age, they often experience a decline in physical and mental health, which can lead to isolation, loneliness, and a reduced quality of life. Social support has been identified as a significant determinant of well-being among the elderly, particularly in hospital settings (Adebayo et al., 2023). Social support encompasses emotional, informational, and practical assistance provided by family, friends, and caregivers. These forms of support can help elderly individuals cope with the challenges of aging, illness, and hospitalization.
In developing countries such as Nigeria, where healthcare resources are limited, the role of social support in improving the well-being of elderly patients cannot be overstated. At General Hospital, Yola, many elderly patients face prolonged hospital stays due to chronic conditions, without consistent access to social support networks. This can exacerbate feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression, which negatively impact their recovery and overall well-being (Aminu & Usman, 2024).
Research has consistently shown that strong social support is associated with better mental health outcomes, higher levels of satisfaction with healthcare services, and faster recovery times (Chinwe & Musa, 2024). However, despite its recognized importance, the relationship between social support and the well-being of elderly patients in Nigerian hospitals, particularly in Yola, remains underexplored. This study seeks to investigate how social support influences the physical, emotional, and psychological well-being of elderly patients at General Hospital, Yola.
Statement of the Problem
The elderly population in Nigeria, including patients at General Hospital, Yola, often experiences challenges such as chronic illnesses, reduced mobility, and isolation. Despite medical interventions, many elderly patients struggle with low well-being due to a lack of adequate social support. Social isolation, particularly in hospital settings, can exacerbate feelings of anxiety, depression, and helplessness, leading to poorer outcomes in terms of recovery and overall health.
Research has indicated that social support plays a crucial role in improving the emotional and psychological well-being of elderly patients (Ogunleye & Ibrahim, 2023). However, the extent to which social support affects the well-being of elderly patients in Yola remains insufficiently studied. The lack of focus on this aspect in healthcare interventions may result in suboptimal care and unmet needs for elderly patients.
This study aims to examine the impact of social support on the well-being of elderly patients at General Hospital, Yola. By evaluating the relationship between social support and various aspects of well-being, the study will provide evidence for enhancing patient care and improving health outcomes for elderly individuals in this setting.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the level of social support available to elderly patients at General Hospital, Yola.
2. To examine the relationship between social support and the physical, emotional, and psychological well-being of elderly patients.
3. To identify the key factors that contribute to effective social support for elderly patients in the hospital.
Research Questions
1. What is the level of social support available to elderly patients at General Hospital, Yola?
2. How does social support affect the physical, emotional, and psychological well-being of elderly patients?
3. What are the factors that contribute to effective social support for elderly patients in the hospital?
Research Hypotheses
1. H₀: There is no significant relationship between social support and the physical, emotional, or psychological well-being of elderly patients.
2. H₀: The level of social support does not significantly affect the recovery and health outcomes of elderly patients.
3. H₀: Institutional and personal factors do not significantly influence the effectiveness of social support in enhancing elderly patients’ well-being.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on elderly patients at General Hospital, Yola, and evaluates the impact of social support on their overall well-being. It does not include elderly patients from other healthcare facilities or those receiving care at home. Limitations include possible biases in self-reported data on social support, variations in the types of support received, and challenges in assessing subjective well-being.
Definition of Terms
• Social Support: Emotional, informational, and practical assistance provided to individuals by family, friends, or caregivers.
• Well-Being: The state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy, including physical, emotional, and psychological aspects.
• Elderly Patients: Individuals aged 60 years and above who are receiving medical care.
• Emotional Support: Assistance that provides empathy, love, and care, often helping individuals cope with stress and emotional challenges.
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